[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1071},["ShallowReactive",2],{"wiki-page-\u002Fwiki\u002F2024-03-30-linux-jiao-cheng\u002F0800-tuo-zhan-gong-neng":3,"wiki-doc-items-2024-03-30-linux-jiao-cheng":1004,"wiki:author-members":1059},{"id":4,"title":5,"authors":6,"body":8,"chapterDepth":991,"chapterOrder":992,"date":993,"description":96,"docKey":994,"docRoot":995,"docTitle":996,"extension":997,"isWikiDoc":922,"isWikiIndex":998,"meta":999,"navigation":922,"path":1000,"seo":1001,"stem":1002,"wikiDepth":103,"__hash__":1003},"wiki\u002Fwiki\u002F2024-03-30-Linux教程\u002F0800-拓展功能.md","拓展功能",[7],"董佳辉",{"type":9,"value":10,"toc":987},"minimark",[11,16,20,25,35,39,47,50,53,56,59,75,78,80,84,87,90,115,118,138,141,149,152,155,169,172,174,177,180,202,205,211,214,226,232,248,255,269,272,278,280,284,287,302,305,311,321,324,349,351,357,360,363,365,368,371,390,393,399,406,409,552,558,561,590,593,627,630,632,635,638,641,647,653,657,983],[12,13,15],"h3",{"id":14},"wine","Wine",[12,17,19],{"id":18},"android","Android",[21,22,24],"h4",{"id":23},"i-卡a-卡","I 卡、A 卡",[26,27,28],"ol",{},[29,30,31],"li",{},[32,33,34],"strong",{},"Wayland + Waydroid（体验超级好）",[36,37,38],"p",{},"官网：",[36,40,41],{},[42,43,44],"a",{"href":44,"rel":45},"https:\u002F\u002Fwaydro.id\u002F",[46],"nofollow",[36,48,49],{},"Waydroid 是在 Linux 上通过容器运行 Android 系统。对于 Intel 核显、AMD 核显用户，配合 Wayland 桌面环境，整体体验非常好，窗口显示、输入、性能都比较自然。",[36,51,52],{},"如果是 Fedora KDE Wayland，Waydroid 的桌面体验会比较接近原生应用。",[54,55],"hr",{},[36,57,58],{},"如果 Waydroid 显示已经连接 Internet，但是实际无法联网，大概率不是 Waydroid 本身坏了，而是宿主机的网络转发出了问题。",[36,60,61,62,66,67,70,71,74],{},"尤其是电脑之前安装过 Docker 的情况下，这个问题更常见。Docker 会修改宿主机的 iptables \u002F firewalld 转发规则，可能导致 ",[63,64,65],"code",{},"FORWARD"," 默认策略变成 ",[63,68,69],{},"DROP","，从而让 Waydroid 的 ",[63,72,73],{},"waydroid0"," 网桥流量无法转发到真正的外网网卡。",[36,76,77],{},"我这次遇到的就是这个问题。",[54,79],{},[81,82,83],"h5",{"id":83},"现象",[36,85,86],{},"Waydroid 里显示已经连接 Internet，但是应用无法联网。",[36,88,89],{},"进入 Waydroid shell 测试：",[91,92,97],"pre",{"className":93,"code":94,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","sudo waydroid shell\n","bash","",[63,98,99],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,101,104,108,112],"span",{"class":102,"line":103},"line",1,[100,105,107],{"class":106},"sScJk","sudo",[100,109,111],{"class":110},"sZZnC"," waydroid",[100,113,114],{"class":110}," shell\n",[36,116,117],{},"然后 ping 外网 IP：",[91,119,121],{"className":93,"code":120,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"ping -c 3 223.5.5.5\n",[63,122,123],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,124,125,128,132,135],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,126,127],{"class":106},"ping",[100,129,131],{"class":130},"sj4cs"," -c",[100,133,134],{"class":130}," 3",[100,136,137],{"class":130}," 223.5.5.5\n",[36,139,140],{},"如果显示：",[91,142,147],{"className":143,"code":145,"language":146,"meta":96},[144],"language-text","3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss\n","text",[63,148,145],{"__ignoreMap":96},[36,150,151],{},"说明 Waydroid 实际没有正常出网。",[36,153,154],{},"但是宿主机本身可以正常联网：",[91,156,157],{"className":93,"code":120,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},[63,158,159],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,160,161,163,165,167],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,162,127],{"class":106},[100,164,131],{"class":130},[100,166,134],{"class":130},[100,168,137],{"class":130},[36,170,171],{},"如果宿主机可以 ping 通，而 Waydroid 里 ping 不通，说明问题不在热点、不在 Wi-Fi，也不在宿主机网络，而是在 Waydroid 的 NAT \u002F FORWARD 转发。",[54,173],{},[81,175,176],{"id":176},"排查",[36,178,179],{},"先查看 Waydroid 的虚拟网桥：",[91,181,183],{"className":93,"code":182,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"ip -4 addr show waydroid0\n",[63,184,185],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,186,187,190,193,196,199],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,188,189],{"class":106},"ip",[100,191,192],{"class":130}," -4",[100,194,195],{"class":110}," addr",[100,197,198],{"class":110}," show",[100,200,201],{"class":110}," waydroid0\n",[36,203,204],{},"正常会看到类似：",[91,206,209],{"className":207,"code":208,"language":146,"meta":96},[144],"inet 192.168.240.1\u002F24\n",[63,210,208],{"__ignoreMap":96},[36,212,213],{},"然后进入 Waydroid：",[91,215,216],{"className":93,"code":94,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},[63,217,218],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,219,220,222,224],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,221,107],{"class":106},[100,223,111],{"class":110},[100,225,114],{"class":110},[36,227,228,229,231],{},"测试能不能 ping 到宿主机的 ",[63,230,73],{}," 网关：",[91,233,235],{"className":93,"code":234,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"ping -c 3 192.168.240.1\n",[63,236,237],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,238,239,241,243,245],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,240,127],{"class":106},[100,242,131],{"class":130},[100,244,134],{"class":130},[100,246,247],{"class":130}," 192.168.240.1\n",[36,249,250,251,254],{},"如果 ",[63,252,253],{},"192.168.240.1"," 能 ping 通，但是外网 IP 不能 ping 通：",[91,256,257],{"className":93,"code":120,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},[63,258,259],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,260,261,263,265,267],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,262,127],{"class":106},[100,264,131],{"class":130},[100,266,134],{"class":130},[100,268,137],{"class":130},[36,270,271],{},"那就说明：",[91,273,276],{"className":274,"code":275,"language":146,"meta":96},[144],"Waydroid 容器到宿主机是通的，\n但是宿主机没有把 Waydroid 的流量转发到外网。\n",[63,277,275],{"__ignoreMap":96},[54,279],{},[81,281,283],{"id":282},"查看是否是-docker-firewalld-转发问题","查看是否是 Docker \u002F firewalld 转发问题",[36,285,286],{},"查看 firewalld 当前 zone：",[91,288,290],{"className":93,"code":289,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"sudo firewall-cmd --get-active-zones\n",[63,291,292],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,293,294,296,299],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,295,107],{"class":106},[100,297,298],{"class":110}," firewall-cmd",[100,300,301],{"class":130}," --get-active-zones\n",[36,303,304],{},"如果看到类似：",[91,306,309],{"className":307,"code":308,"language":146,"meta":96},[144],"FedoraWorkstation (default)\n  interfaces: wlp0s20f3\ndocker\n  interfaces: docker0\ntrusted\n  interfaces: waydroid0\n",[63,310,308],{"__ignoreMap":96},[36,312,313,314,317,318,320],{},"说明电脑上既有 Docker 的网桥 ",[63,315,316],{},"docker0","，也有 Waydroid 的网桥 ",[63,319,73],{},"。",[36,322,323],{},"再查看 FORWARD 规则：",[91,325,327],{"className":93,"code":326,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"sudo iptables --list-rules | grep FORWARD\n",[63,328,329],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,330,331,333,336,339,343,346],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,332,107],{"class":106},[100,334,335],{"class":110}," iptables",[100,337,338],{"class":130}," --list-rules",[100,340,342],{"class":341},"szBVR"," |",[100,344,345],{"class":106}," grep",[100,347,348],{"class":110}," FORWARD\n",[36,350,304],{},[91,352,355],{"className":353,"code":354,"language":146,"meta":96},[144],"-P FORWARD DROP\n-A FORWARD -j DOCKER-USER\n-A FORWARD -j DOCKER-FORWARD\n",[63,356,354],{"__ignoreMap":96},[36,358,359],{},"那基本就可以确定是 Docker \u002F firewalld 把 Waydroid 的转发挡住了。",[36,361,362],{},"这时候 Waydroid 能连接到宿主机，但是不能通过宿主机 NAT 到外网。",[54,364],{},[81,366,367],{"id":367},"解决办法",[36,369,370],{},"先查看当前真正联网的网卡：",[91,372,374],{"className":93,"code":373,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"ip route | grep default\n",[63,375,376],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,377,378,380,383,385,387],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,379,189],{"class":106},[100,381,382],{"class":110}," route",[100,384,342],{"class":341},[100,386,345],{"class":106},[100,388,389],{"class":110}," default\n",[36,391,392],{},"例如输出里有：",[91,394,397],{"className":395,"code":396,"language":146,"meta":96},[144],"default via 192.168.xx.xx dev wlp0s20f3\n",[63,398,396],{"__ignoreMap":96},[36,400,401,402,405],{},"这里的 ",[63,403,404],{},"wlp0s20f3"," 就是当前真正连接外网的网卡。",[36,407,408],{},"然后添加持久化规则：",[91,410,412],{"className":93,"code":411,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter FORWARD 0 -i waydroid0 -o wlp0s20f3 -j ACCEPT\nsudo firewall-cmd --permanent --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter FORWARD 0 -i wlp0s20f3 -o waydroid0 -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\nsudo firewall-cmd --permanent --direct --add-rule ipv4 nat POSTROUTING 0 -s 192.168.240.0\u002F24 -o wlp0s20f3 -j MASQUERADE\nsudo firewall-cmd --reload\n",[63,413,414,459,504,542],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,415,416,418,420,423,426,429,432,435,438,441,444,447,450,453,456],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,417,107],{"class":106},[100,419,298],{"class":110},[100,421,422],{"class":130}," --permanent",[100,424,425],{"class":130}," --direct",[100,427,428],{"class":130}," --add-rule",[100,430,431],{"class":110}," ipv4",[100,433,434],{"class":110}," filter",[100,436,437],{"class":110}," FORWARD",[100,439,440],{"class":130}," 0",[100,442,443],{"class":130}," -i",[100,445,446],{"class":110}," waydroid0",[100,448,449],{"class":130}," -o",[100,451,452],{"class":110}," wlp0s20f3",[100,454,455],{"class":130}," -j",[100,457,458],{"class":110}," ACCEPT\n",[100,460,462,464,466,468,470,472,474,476,478,480,482,484,486,488,491,494,497,500,502],{"class":102,"line":461},2,[100,463,107],{"class":106},[100,465,298],{"class":110},[100,467,422],{"class":130},[100,469,425],{"class":130},[100,471,428],{"class":130},[100,473,431],{"class":110},[100,475,434],{"class":110},[100,477,437],{"class":110},[100,479,440],{"class":130},[100,481,443],{"class":130},[100,483,452],{"class":110},[100,485,449],{"class":130},[100,487,446],{"class":110},[100,489,490],{"class":130}," -m",[100,492,493],{"class":110}," conntrack",[100,495,496],{"class":130}," --ctstate",[100,498,499],{"class":110}," RELATED,ESTABLISHED",[100,501,455],{"class":130},[100,503,458],{"class":110},[100,505,507,509,511,513,515,517,519,522,525,527,530,533,535,537,539],{"class":102,"line":506},3,[100,508,107],{"class":106},[100,510,298],{"class":110},[100,512,422],{"class":130},[100,514,425],{"class":130},[100,516,428],{"class":130},[100,518,431],{"class":110},[100,520,521],{"class":110}," nat",[100,523,524],{"class":110}," POSTROUTING",[100,526,440],{"class":130},[100,528,529],{"class":130}," -s",[100,531,532],{"class":110}," 192.168.240.0\u002F24",[100,534,449],{"class":130},[100,536,452],{"class":110},[100,538,455],{"class":130},[100,540,541],{"class":110}," MASQUERADE\n",[100,543,545,547,549],{"class":102,"line":544},4,[100,546,107],{"class":106},[100,548,298],{"class":110},[100,550,551],{"class":130}," --reload\n",[36,553,554,555,557],{},"注意：这里的 ",[63,556,404],{}," 要替换成自己电脑当前真正联网的网卡名。",[36,559,560],{},"然后重启 Waydroid：",[91,562,564],{"className":93,"code":563,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"sudo systemctl restart waydroid-container\nwaydroid session stop\n",[63,565,566,579],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,567,568,570,573,576],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,569,107],{"class":106},[100,571,572],{"class":110}," systemctl",[100,574,575],{"class":110}," restart",[100,577,578],{"class":110}," waydroid-container\n",[100,580,581,584,587],{"class":102,"line":461},[100,582,583],{"class":106},"waydroid",[100,585,586],{"class":110}," session",[100,588,589],{"class":110}," stop\n",[36,591,592],{},"重新打开 Waydroid 后测试：",[91,594,596],{"className":93,"code":595,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"sudo waydroid shell\nping -c 3 223.5.5.5\nping -c 3 baidu.com\n",[63,597,598,606,616],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,599,600,602,604],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,601,107],{"class":106},[100,603,111],{"class":110},[100,605,114],{"class":110},[100,607,608,610,612,614],{"class":102,"line":461},[100,609,127],{"class":106},[100,611,131],{"class":130},[100,613,134],{"class":130},[100,615,137],{"class":130},[100,617,618,620,622,624],{"class":102,"line":506},[100,619,127],{"class":106},[100,621,131],{"class":130},[100,623,134],{"class":130},[100,625,626],{"class":110}," baidu.com\n",[36,628,629],{},"如果能 ping 通，说明 Waydroid 网络已经修复。",[54,631],{},[81,633,634],{"id":634},"总结",[36,636,637],{},"这个问题本质上不是 Clash 的问题，也不是热点的问题，而是 Docker \u002F firewalld \u002F iptables 转发规则冲突导致的。",[36,639,640],{},"简单来说就是：",[91,642,645],{"className":643,"code":644,"language":146,"meta":96},[144],"Waydroid 可以连接到宿主机的 waydroid0 网桥，\n但是 Docker \u002F firewalld 导致 FORWARD 转发被 DROP，\n所以 Waydroid 的流量无法 NAT 到外网网卡。\n",[63,646,644],{"__ignoreMap":96},[36,648,649,650,652],{},"通过给 ",[63,651,73],{}," 和外网网卡添加持久化的 FORWARD \u002F MASQUERADE 规则即可解决。",[21,654,656],{"id":655},"n卡so-nvidia-fxxk-u","N卡(So Nvidia Fxxk U!)",[26,658,659],{},[29,660,661,662,665,669,671,675,680,895],{},"QEMU-KVM虚拟机 + BlissOS-X86",[663,664],"br",{},[42,666,667],{"href":667,"rel":668},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bilibili.com\u002Fvideo\u002FBV1aS411P7Wh",[46],[663,670],{},[672,673],"img",{"alt":96,"src":674},"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.tungchiahui.cn\u002Ftungwebsite\u002Fassets\u002Fimages\u002F2024\u002F03\u002F30\u002Fimage331.webp",[26,676,677],{"start":506},[29,678,679],{},"比较推荐的配置",[91,681,683],{"className":93,"code":682,"language":95,"meta":96,"style":96},"qemu-system-x86_64 \\\n        -M q35,vmport=off \\\n        -accel kvm \\\n        -cpu qemu64,+sse3,+sse4.2 \\\n        -smp 8,cores=4 \\\n        -m 6G \\\n        -usb \\\n        -device virtio-tablet \\\n        -device virtio-keyboard \\\n        -device usb-tablet \\\n        -bios OVMF-pure-efi64.fd \\\n        -net user,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:5555,hostfwd=tcp::8022-:8022 \\\n        -net nic,model=virtio \\\n        -audio sdl,model=hda \\\n        -display sdl,gl=on,show-cursor=on \\\n        -device virtio-vga-gl,xres=1920,yres=1080 \\\n        -drive file=disk.qcow2,media=disk,if=virtio,cache=writeback \\\n        -drive file=Bliss-v16.9.7-x86_64-OFFICIAL-gapps-20240911.iso,media=cdrom \\\n        -monitor stdio \\\n        -serial none\n",[63,684,685,693,703,713,723,737,748,756,767,777,787,798,809,819,830,841,854,865,875,886],{"__ignoreMap":96},[100,686,687,690],{"class":102,"line":103},[100,688,689],{"class":106},"qemu-system-x86_64",[100,691,692],{"class":130}," \\\n",[100,694,695,698,701],{"class":102,"line":461},[100,696,697],{"class":130},"        -M",[100,699,700],{"class":110}," q35,vmport=off",[100,702,692],{"class":130},[100,704,705,708,711],{"class":102,"line":506},[100,706,707],{"class":130},"        -accel",[100,709,710],{"class":110}," kvm",[100,712,692],{"class":130},[100,714,715,718,721],{"class":102,"line":544},[100,716,717],{"class":130},"        -cpu",[100,719,720],{"class":110}," qemu64,+sse3,+sse4.2",[100,722,692],{"class":130},[100,724,726,729,732,735],{"class":102,"line":725},5,[100,727,728],{"class":130},"        -smp",[100,730,731],{"class":110}," 8,cores=",[100,733,734],{"class":130},"4",[100,736,692],{"class":130},[100,738,740,743,746],{"class":102,"line":739},6,[100,741,742],{"class":130},"        -m",[100,744,745],{"class":110}," 6G",[100,747,692],{"class":130},[100,749,751,754],{"class":102,"line":750},7,[100,752,753],{"class":130},"        -usb",[100,755,692],{"class":130},[100,757,759,762,765],{"class":102,"line":758},8,[100,760,761],{"class":130},"        -device",[100,763,764],{"class":110}," virtio-tablet",[100,766,692],{"class":130},[100,768,770,772,775],{"class":102,"line":769},9,[100,771,761],{"class":130},[100,773,774],{"class":110}," virtio-keyboard",[100,776,692],{"class":130},[100,778,780,782,785],{"class":102,"line":779},10,[100,781,761],{"class":130},[100,783,784],{"class":110}," usb-tablet",[100,786,692],{"class":130},[100,788,790,793,796],{"class":102,"line":789},11,[100,791,792],{"class":130},"        -bios",[100,794,795],{"class":110}," OVMF-pure-efi64.fd",[100,797,692],{"class":130},[100,799,801,804,807],{"class":102,"line":800},12,[100,802,803],{"class":130},"        -net",[100,805,806],{"class":110}," user,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:5555,hostfwd=tcp::8022-:8022",[100,808,692],{"class":130},[100,810,812,814,817],{"class":102,"line":811},13,[100,813,803],{"class":130},[100,815,816],{"class":110}," nic,model=virtio",[100,818,692],{"class":130},[100,820,822,825,828],{"class":102,"line":821},14,[100,823,824],{"class":130},"        -audio",[100,826,827],{"class":110}," sdl,model=hda",[100,829,692],{"class":130},[100,831,833,836,839],{"class":102,"line":832},15,[100,834,835],{"class":130},"        -display",[100,837,838],{"class":110}," sdl,gl=on,show-cursor=on",[100,840,692],{"class":130},[100,842,844,846,849,852],{"class":102,"line":843},16,[100,845,761],{"class":130},[100,847,848],{"class":110}," virtio-vga-gl,xres=1920,yres=",[100,850,851],{"class":130},"1080",[100,853,692],{"class":130},[100,855,857,860,863],{"class":102,"line":856},17,[100,858,859],{"class":130},"        -drive",[100,861,862],{"class":110}," file=disk.qcow2,media=disk,if=virtio,cache=writeback",[100,864,692],{"class":130},[100,866,868,870,873],{"class":102,"line":867},18,[100,869,859],{"class":130},[100,871,872],{"class":110}," file=Bliss-v16.9.7-x86_64-OFFICIAL-gapps-20240911.iso,media=cdrom",[100,874,692],{"class":130},[100,876,878,881,884],{"class":102,"line":877},19,[100,879,880],{"class":130},"        -monitor",[100,882,883],{"class":110}," stdio",[100,885,692],{"class":130},[100,887,889,892],{"class":102,"line":888},20,[100,890,891],{"class":130},"        -serial",[100,893,894],{"class":110}," 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